POLLUTION : AN OVERVIEW
The whopping botheration of today inexpressable by words is "POLLUTION".An awash menace to man kind and the mother earth is Pollution .Social servers and nature lovers are trying very hard to solve this issue.This article mainly aims to bring out various contributing factors of pollution,issues caused due to pollution and risks,various countries around the world and pollution rates in them and we would also discuss how the earth would be if it is fully freed from pollution.We also brought to the point what each and every single individual has to do to bring about a solution to the awaiting threats caused due to pollution .
CASE STUDY 1:
The whopping botheration of today inexpressable by words is "POLLUTION".An awash menace to man kind and the mother earth is Pollution .Social servers and nature lovers are trying very hard to solve this issue.This article mainly aims to bring out various contributing factors of pollution,issues caused due to pollution and risks,various countries around the world and pollution rates in them and we would also discuss how the earth would be if it is fully freed from pollution.We also brought to the point what each and every single individual has to do to bring about a solution to the awaiting threats caused due to pollution .
CASE STUDY 1:
A teensy infant coughing and sneezing spontaneously and was taken to hospital.After physical examination the child is found to be taint with some allergic infects and was prescribed some medications which she is supposed to take for the entire lifespan.Also the main determinant was found to be air pollution.
CASE STUDY 2:
A forty year old man toiling in a fertilizer factory for some years to sustain life ,due to exposure to the poisonous gases and prolonged years of working in chemical environment is affected with a carcinogenic disease and loses his life.
CASE STUDY 3:
A dying factory established at the banks of the river which delivers water to the entire locality,disharges the residual wastes and effluents into the river, polluting the entire river.This serves as a major threat to the lives of the entire society proliferating deadly diseases and serves as a slow poison to the natural forces.
CASE STUDY 4(worst of all!!!!)
We all use plastic covers and plastic objects.This plastic gradually laid iron hands and seized a tight grip over the entire humanity. Are we really aware of where this plastics go after we throw it away?
Plastic waste is disposed along with other wastages(decayable ones).The disposed waste have to be rotten back to the soil.But the plastic remains will never ever rot even when left for years and it would result in the emission of poisonous gases like methane.
CASE STUDY 5:
Heavy traffic and highly congested roads with smoky environment are the major contributing factors of pollution.In cities across the globe, the personal automobile is the single greatest polluter, as emissions from more than a billion vehicles on the road add up to a planet-wide problem.
MAJOR POLLUTANTS:
Certain ventures of humans emit several pollutants in air, such as carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), hydrocarbons (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), lead, arsenic, asbestos, radioactive matter, and dust. The crucial threat comes from burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and petroleum products. Thermal power plants, automobiles and industries are major sources of air pollution. Due to progress in atomic energy sector, there has been an increase in radioactivity in the atmosphere.
Mining activity adds to air pollution in the form of particulate matter. Progress in agriculture due to use of fertilizers and pesticides has also contributed towards air pollution. Indiscriminate cutting of trees and clearing of forests has led to increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in atmosphere. Global warming is a consequence of green house effect caused by increased level of carbon dioxide (CO2). Ozone (O3) depletion has resulted in UV radiation striking our earth.
HARMFUL EFFECTS OF POLLUTION:
(1) Pollution affects respiratory system of living organisms and causes bronchitis, asthma, lung cancer, pneumonia etc. Carbon monoxide (CO) emitted from motor vehicles and cigarette smoke perturbs the central nervous system.
(2) Due to depletion of ozone layer, UV radiation check in to the earth. UV radiation accounts to skin cancer, damage to eyes and immune system.
(3) Acid rain is a result of air pollution. This is caused by presence of oxides of nitrogen and sulfur in the air. These oxides dissolve in rain water to form nitric acid and sulfuric acid respectively. Various monuments, buildings, and statues are damaged due to corrosion by acid present in the rain. The soil also becomes acidic. The cumulative effect is the gradual degradation of soil and a decline in forest and agricultural productivity.
(4) The green house gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) trap the heat radiated from earth. This leads to an increase in earth’s temperature.
(5) Presence of acids/alkalies in water destroys the microorganisms, thereby hindering the self-purification process in the rivers or water bodies. Agriculture is affected badly due to polluted water. Marine eco-systems are affected adversely.
(6) The sewage waste promotes growth of phytoplankton in water bodies causing reduction of dissolved oxygen.
(7) The quality of underground water is also affected due to toxicity and pollutant content of surface water.
POLLUTION RATES IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD:
The Top 10 most polluted places is listed below
(1) Linfen, China, where residents say they literally choke on coal dust in the evenings, exemplifies many Chinese cities.
(2) Haina, Dominican Republic, has severe lead contamination because of lead battery recycling, a problem common throughout poorer countries.
(3) Ranipet, India, where leather tanning wastes contaminate groundwater with hexavalent chromium, made famous by Erin Brockovich, resulting in water that apparently stings like an insect bite.
(4) Mailuu-Suu, Kyrgyzstan, home to nearly 2 million cubic meters of radioactive mining waste that threatens the entire Ferghana valley, one of the most fertile and densely populated areas in Central Asia that also experiences high rates of seismic activity.
(5) La Oroya, Peru, where the metal processing plant, owned by the Missouri-based Doe Run Corporation, leads to toxic emissions of lead.
(6) Dzerzinsk, Russia, one of the country's principal chemical weapons manufacturing sites until the end of the Cold War.
(7) Norilsk, Russia, which houses the world's largest heavy metals smelting complex.
(8) Rudnaya Pristan, Russia, where lead contamination resulted in child blood lead levels eight to 20 times maximum allowable U.S. levels.
(9) Chernobyl, Ukraine, infamous site of a nuclear meltdown 20 years ago and
(10) Kabwe, Zambia, where child blood levels of lead are five to 10 times the allowable EPA maximum.
WAYS TO REDUCE POLLUTION:
Proper use of vehicles
(1) Reduce the usage of cars and other vehicles and try to make use of the public transportation means.Get familiar with the city's town or train routes,and replace your car commute with a bus trip atleast once a week.Taking a public transportation is also safe than driving and will probably help reduce anxiety level since we don't have to deal with rush hour traffic.
(2) Another option is to use our own energy to propel us where we want to go.Walk to locations within short distances.In places with heavy traffic biking can be the best way to get around.
(3) keep the vehicles in good condition and make sure it passes your city's smog test.
(4) Use unleaded petrol and alternate sources of energy.
REUSE,RECYCLE AND COMPOST
(1) Manage the house hold waste effectively.Reusing,recycling and composting can have a drastic effect on our garbage output.
(2) Try using glass containers so that we can use it for a long period.Avoid using the plastic items as far as possible.Recycle the plastic,paper,aluminium and other recycleables according to city guidelines.
(3) Make a compost pile at the yard into which we should throw vegetable peels and food scraps.After the pile is tended for few months it results in a rick,black compost to manure our garden.
(4) Learn to properly dispose the electronic waste and handle them with much caution.
AT HOME:
(1) Avoid using chemical pesticides or fertilizers in your yard and garden. Many fertilizers are a source of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. Try organic products instead.
(2) Plant trees and also encourage other to plant trees as well. Trees absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and filter out air pollution. During warmer days, trees provide cool air, unnecessary use of energy on air conditioning is avoided, hence the air pollution.
(3) Waste food material, paper, decaying vegetables and plastics should not be thrown into open drains.
(4) Stop smoking at home,at office and other public places. Smoking deteriorates self health and also other's health.
(5) Many household cleaning products consist of harmful chemicals which are washed down the drain.Use eco-friendly products or make some simple ones from natural substances like vinegar and lemon extracts.
(6) Do not burn plastics which might produce polluting gases.
INDUSTRIES AND FACTORIES:
(1) Effluents from distilleries, and solid wastes containing organic matter should be sent to biogas plants for generation of energy.
(2) Most of the pollutants destroying the nature are from the industrial garbages.Industries should be set up far away from cities and the industrial wastes should be treated wise.
(3) Generators and other gadgets that add to the pollution of the environment should be well maintained.
Longing to bring back the paradise of heaven on earth
Save nature and lead a happy life.
CASE STUDY 4(worst of all!!!!)
We all use plastic covers and plastic objects.This plastic gradually laid iron hands and seized a tight grip over the entire humanity. Are we really aware of where this plastics go after we throw it away?
Plastic waste is disposed along with other wastages(decayable ones).The disposed waste have to be rotten back to the soil.But the plastic remains will never ever rot even when left for years and it would result in the emission of poisonous gases like methane.
CASE STUDY 5:
Heavy traffic and highly congested roads with smoky environment are the major contributing factors of pollution.In cities across the globe, the personal automobile is the single greatest polluter, as emissions from more than a billion vehicles on the road add up to a planet-wide problem.
MAJOR POLLUTANTS:
Certain ventures of humans emit several pollutants in air, such as carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), hydrocarbons (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), lead, arsenic, asbestos, radioactive matter, and dust. The crucial threat comes from burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and petroleum products. Thermal power plants, automobiles and industries are major sources of air pollution. Due to progress in atomic energy sector, there has been an increase in radioactivity in the atmosphere.
Mining activity adds to air pollution in the form of particulate matter. Progress in agriculture due to use of fertilizers and pesticides has also contributed towards air pollution. Indiscriminate cutting of trees and clearing of forests has led to increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in atmosphere. Global warming is a consequence of green house effect caused by increased level of carbon dioxide (CO2). Ozone (O3) depletion has resulted in UV radiation striking our earth.
HARMFUL EFFECTS OF POLLUTION:
(1) Pollution affects respiratory system of living organisms and causes bronchitis, asthma, lung cancer, pneumonia etc. Carbon monoxide (CO) emitted from motor vehicles and cigarette smoke perturbs the central nervous system.
(2) Due to depletion of ozone layer, UV radiation check in to the earth. UV radiation accounts to skin cancer, damage to eyes and immune system.
(3) Acid rain is a result of air pollution. This is caused by presence of oxides of nitrogen and sulfur in the air. These oxides dissolve in rain water to form nitric acid and sulfuric acid respectively. Various monuments, buildings, and statues are damaged due to corrosion by acid present in the rain. The soil also becomes acidic. The cumulative effect is the gradual degradation of soil and a decline in forest and agricultural productivity.
(4) The green house gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) trap the heat radiated from earth. This leads to an increase in earth’s temperature.
(5) Presence of acids/alkalies in water destroys the microorganisms, thereby hindering the self-purification process in the rivers or water bodies. Agriculture is affected badly due to polluted water. Marine eco-systems are affected adversely.
(6) The sewage waste promotes growth of phytoplankton in water bodies causing reduction of dissolved oxygen.
(7) The quality of underground water is also affected due to toxicity and pollutant content of surface water.
POLLUTION RATES IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD:
The Top 10 most polluted places is listed below
(1) Linfen, China, where residents say they literally choke on coal dust in the evenings, exemplifies many Chinese cities.
(2) Haina, Dominican Republic, has severe lead contamination because of lead battery recycling, a problem common throughout poorer countries.
(3) Ranipet, India, where leather tanning wastes contaminate groundwater with hexavalent chromium, made famous by Erin Brockovich, resulting in water that apparently stings like an insect bite.
(4) Mailuu-Suu, Kyrgyzstan, home to nearly 2 million cubic meters of radioactive mining waste that threatens the entire Ferghana valley, one of the most fertile and densely populated areas in Central Asia that also experiences high rates of seismic activity.
(5) La Oroya, Peru, where the metal processing plant, owned by the Missouri-based Doe Run Corporation, leads to toxic emissions of lead.
(6) Dzerzinsk, Russia, one of the country's principal chemical weapons manufacturing sites until the end of the Cold War.
(7) Norilsk, Russia, which houses the world's largest heavy metals smelting complex.
(8) Rudnaya Pristan, Russia, where lead contamination resulted in child blood lead levels eight to 20 times maximum allowable U.S. levels.
(9) Chernobyl, Ukraine, infamous site of a nuclear meltdown 20 years ago and
(10) Kabwe, Zambia, where child blood levels of lead are five to 10 times the allowable EPA maximum.
WAYS TO REDUCE POLLUTION:
Proper use of vehicles
(1) Reduce the usage of cars and other vehicles and try to make use of the public transportation means.Get familiar with the city's town or train routes,and replace your car commute with a bus trip atleast once a week.Taking a public transportation is also safe than driving and will probably help reduce anxiety level since we don't have to deal with rush hour traffic.
(2) Another option is to use our own energy to propel us where we want to go.Walk to locations within short distances.In places with heavy traffic biking can be the best way to get around.
(3) keep the vehicles in good condition and make sure it passes your city's smog test.
(4) Use unleaded petrol and alternate sources of energy.
REUSE,RECYCLE AND COMPOST
(1) Manage the house hold waste effectively.Reusing,recycling and composting can have a drastic effect on our garbage output.
(2) Try using glass containers so that we can use it for a long period.Avoid using the plastic items as far as possible.Recycle the plastic,paper,aluminium and other recycleables according to city guidelines.
(4) Learn to properly dispose the electronic waste and handle them with much caution.
AT HOME:
(1) Avoid using chemical pesticides or fertilizers in your yard and garden. Many fertilizers are a source of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. Try organic products instead.
(2) Plant trees and also encourage other to plant trees as well. Trees absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and filter out air pollution. During warmer days, trees provide cool air, unnecessary use of energy on air conditioning is avoided, hence the air pollution.
(3) Waste food material, paper, decaying vegetables and plastics should not be thrown into open drains.
(4) Stop smoking at home,at office and other public places. Smoking deteriorates self health and also other's health.
(5) Many household cleaning products consist of harmful chemicals which are washed down the drain.Use eco-friendly products or make some simple ones from natural substances like vinegar and lemon extracts.
(6) Do not burn plastics which might produce polluting gases.
INDUSTRIES AND FACTORIES:
(1) Effluents from distilleries, and solid wastes containing organic matter should be sent to biogas plants for generation of energy.
(2) Most of the pollutants destroying the nature are from the industrial garbages.Industries should be set up far away from cities and the industrial wastes should be treated wise.
(3) Generators and other gadgets that add to the pollution of the environment should be well maintained.
Longing to bring back the paradise of heaven on earth
Save nature and lead a happy life.
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